Percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (PBPV) is one of the earliest non-surgical interventional treatments for congenital heart disease. The first successful case was reported in 1982. PBPV is now considered the first-line treatment for isolated pulmonary valve stenosis.
Indications include:
- Isolated pulmonary valve stenosis with a transvalvular pressure gradient ≥ 40 mmHg
- Adolescent and adult patients with a transvalvular pressure gradient ≥ 30 mmHg, accompanied by symptoms such as exertional dyspnea, angina, syncope, and presyncope
Contraindications include:
- Subvalvular pulmonary stenosis (infundibular stenosis), pulmonary valve stenosis with congenital subvalvular stenosis, or pulmonary valve stenosis with supravalvular stenosis
- Severe dysplastic pulmonary valve stenosis
- Pulmonary valve stenosis with severe tricuspid regurgitation requiring surgical intervention
Complications include:
- Vascular complications at the puncture site
- Intraoperative arrhythmias
- Tricuspid valve damage
- Secondary pulmonary valve insufficiency
Efficacy and Prognosis
The complication and mortality rates of PBPV are significantly lower than those of surgical treatment, with an overall mortality rate of less than 0.5%.